● Catalog of this issue

【Macro Situation】

1. The State Council issued the "14th Five-Year" digital economy development plan

2. State Office: Promote the comprehensive reform of the market-based allocation of factors of the pilot

【New Policy Regulations】

1. "14th Five-Year Plan" to promote the national government informatization plan: in-depth development and utilization of government big data

2. Shandong released the “14th Five-Year Plan” big data industry development plan, and Heilongjiang released the big data industry development plan (2021-2025)

  【Industry News】

1. National Energy Administration: Grid companies should provide new energy storage and other grid-connected services

2. Virtual currency "mining" activities are included in the "elimination" industry

【Technology Frontier】

1. EPFL engineers develop method to read multiple qubits simultaneously

【Macro Situation】

1. The State Council issued the "14th Five-Year" digital economy development plan

On January 12, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Digital Economy", clearly adhering to the principles of "innovation leading, integrated development, application traction, data empowerment, fair competition, safety and order, systematic advancement, collaborative and efficient" By 2025, the added value of the core industries of the digital economy will account for 10% of the GDP, the data element market system will be initially established, the data rights, pricing, and transactions will be carried out in an orderly manner, the digital transformation of the industry will reach a new level, and the digital industrialization will be carried out. The level has been significantly improved, digital public services have become more inclusive and equal, and the digital economy governance system has been improved. By 2035, we will strive to form a modern market system for the digital economy that is unified, fair, competitive, and mature. The development level of the digital economy will be at the forefront of the world. The "Plan" deploys eight key tasks: First, optimize and upgrade digital infrastructure. Accelerate the construction of information network infrastructure, promote the development of cloud-network synergy and computing-network integration, and advance the intelligent upgrade of infrastructure in an orderly manner. The second is to give full play to the role of data elements. Strengthen the supply of high-quality data elements, accelerate the market-based circulation of data elements, and innovate the mechanism for the development and utilization of data elements. The third is to vigorously promote the digital transformation of the industry. Accelerate the digital transformation and upgrading of enterprises, comprehensively deepen the digital transformation of key industries, industrial parks and clusters, and cultivate a transformation support service ecosystem. The fourth is to accelerate the promotion of digital industrialization. Enhance key technological innovation capabilities, accelerate the cultivation of new business formats and models, and create a prosperous and orderly innovation ecosystem. Fifth, continue to improve the level of digitalization of public services. Improve the efficiency of "Internet + government services", improve the level of digital inclusiveness of social services, and promote the integrated development of digital urban and rural areas. The sixth is to improve the digital economy governance system. Strengthen collaborative governance and supervision mechanisms, enhance the government's digital governance capabilities, and improve the new pattern of pluralistic co-governance. The seventh is to focus on strengthening the digital economy security system. Enhance network security protection capabilities, improve data security assurance levels, and effectively prevent various risks. Eighth, to effectively expand international cooperation in the digital economy. Accelerate the digital development of trade, promote the in-depth development of the "Digital Silk Road", and build a good environment for international cooperation. Focusing on eight major tasks, the "Plan" has deployed information including optimizing and upgrading information network infrastructure, improving data quality, cultivating data element market pilots, digital transformation and upgrading of key industries, supporting and cultivating service ecology, digital technology innovation and breakthrough, cultivating new digital economy formats, social 11 key projects, including service digitalization improvement, construction of new smart cities and digital villages, enhancement of digital economy governance capabilities, and enhancement of multiple collaborative governance capabilities, constitute an important starting point for promoting the implementation of various tasks in the development of the digital economy. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

Interpretation: During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country has deeply implemented the digital economy development strategy, continuously improved digital infrastructure, accelerated the cultivation of new business forms and new models, and achieved positive results in promoting digital industrialization and industrial digitization. In 2020, my country's digital economy core industries will increase The value accounted for 7.8% of the gross domestic product (GDP). During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's digital economy has turned to a new stage of deepening application, standardized development, and inclusive sharing. The "Plan" highlights systematic design and systematic layout, focuses on building "four beams and eight pillars" to promote the development of the digital economy, and makes an overall deployment for the development of my country's digital economy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The Plan emphasizes that data elements are the core engine for the deepening development of the digital economy. In terms of giving full play to the role of data elements, the "Plan" clarifies that, first, strengthen the supply of high-quality data elements, support market entities to carry out data collection in compliance with laws and regulations, and cultivate and expand the data service industry; promote the construction of data resource standard systems; promote data classification and classification management , strengthen data security risk assessment, monitoring and early warning, and emergency response; establish and improve the national public data resource system, and coordinate the development and utilization of public data resources. The second is to speed up the market-based circulation of data elements and accelerate the construction of market rules for data elements; encourage market entities to explore data asset pricing mechanisms and gradually improve the data pricing system; standardize data transaction management, establish and improve data asset assessment, registration and settlement, transaction matching, and dispute arbitration and other market operation systems; crack down on data black market transactions. The third is to innovate the development and utilization mechanism of data elements, encourage market forces to tap the value of commercial data, and on the premise of ensuring data security and user privacy, encourage key industries to innovate data development and utilization models; data and public data, and encourage more social forces to develop and utilize value-added services.

2. State Office: Promote the comprehensive reform of the market-based allocation of factors of the pilot

On January 6, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Overall Plan for the Comprehensive Reform of the Market-based Allocation of Factors" to promote the further development of the reform of the market-based allocation of factors. The "Plan" proposes that by 2023, the pilot work will achieve phased results, strive to achieve important breakthroughs in the key links of market-based allocation of land, labor, capital, technology and other factors, and make positive progress in the exploration of the basic system for market-based allocation of data elements. ; By 2025, the pilot tasks will be basically completed, and the reform of the market-based allocation of factors will achieve landmark results, setting an important demonstration for improving the national factor market system. The "Plan" focuses on the construction of the factor market system and mechanism, and proposes a series of key measures. In terms of traditional elements, around the promotion of intensive and efficient use of land, it is proposed to explore giving pilot areas greater autonomy in land allocation, and to support the rational conversion of different industrial land types. Improve the population management service system and other measures; in accordance with the requirements of capital to serve the real economy, put forward measures such as increasing the supply of effective financial services and promoting the development of multi-level equity markets; in terms of technical elements, it is proposed to improve the transfer and transformation of job scientific and technological achievements. Tolerance and correction mechanism, reform The collection, establishment, management and evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological projects, explore the implementation of the chief expert responsibility system, etc., to vigorously promote the transformation of technical elements into real productivity; in terms of data elements, it proposes to improve the open and sharing mechanism of public data, and explore the establishment of data usage and usage control system. Improve the safety management system for important data going abroad, and put forward a series of measures to strengthen the construction of the resource and environment market system in combination with the direction of green and low-carbon development. (Source: China Government Network)

Interpretation: Since the publication and implementation of the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Building a More Complete System and Mechanism for Market-based Allocation of Factors", the deepening of the reform of market-based allocation of factors has been highly valued by the whole society. The "Plan" has made a systematic and comprehensive strategic plan for actively and steadily carrying out the comprehensive reform of the market-based allocation of factors under the new situation. . Among them, the "Plan" proposes important points for exploring and establishing rules for the circulation of data elements: improving the open and sharing mechanism of public data. Establish a sound and efficient public data sharing and coordination mechanism, support the creation of a basic support platform for public data, and promote the collection, integration, orderly circulation, and sharing of public data. Explore and improve the management system for public data sharing, opening, operating services, and security assurance. Establish and improve data circulation and transaction rules. On the premise of protecting personal privacy and ensuring data security, promote the application of data circulation in some fields in a hierarchical, step-by-step and orderly manner. Standardize and cultivate data trading market entities, develop market operation systems such as data asset assessment, registration and settlement, transaction matching, and dispute arbitration, and prudently explore and develop data asset-based services. Expand standardized data development and utilization scenarios. Promote the standardization of data collection in the fields of artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of Vehicles, and the Internet of Things. In key areas such as finance, health, electricity, and logistics, explore data-centric product and service innovation. Strengthen data security protection. Strengthen the network security level protection requirements, and promote the improvement of the data classification and classification security protection system. Explore and improve the system for authorized use of personal information, explore the establishment of a data security use commitment system, and explore the formulation of a big data analysis and transaction prohibition list. In addition, in terms of strengthening the construction of the resource and environment market system, the "Plan" clearly supports the improvement of the resource market-based transaction mechanism. Support pilot areas to improve the electricity market-oriented trading mechanism, improve the quality of contract signing and performance of medium and long-term electricity transactions, carry out pilot electricity spot trading, and improve the electricity auxiliary service market. Speed ​​up the shareholding reform of power trading institutions, promote the independent and standardized operation of power trading institutions, and realize the standardization of power trading organization and dispatch. Support the establishment of a green factor trading mechanism. Further improve the carbon emission rights, pollution discharge rights, energy use rights, water rights and other trading mechanisms, and explore to promote the better connection between green factor trading and energy and environmental target indicators. Explore the establishment of a paid-for-acquisition mechanism for carbon emission quotas and energy use rights indicators.

【New Policy Regulations】

1. "14th Five-Year Plan" to promote the national government informatization plan: in-depth development and utilization of government big data

The National Development and Reform Commission recently issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Promoting National Government Informatization", proposing that by 2025, the overall construction of government informatization will enter an integrated financial system featuring data empowerment, collaborative governance, intelligent decision-making, and high-quality services. In the new stage of intelligent governance, cross-departmental, cross-regional, cross-level technology integration, data integration, and business integration have become the main path for government affairs informatization innovation, and gradually form a new type of platform-based collaboration, online services, data-based decision-making, and intelligent supervision. The digital government governance model, economic regulation, market supervision, social governance, public services and ecological environment and other fields have significantly improved digital governance capabilities, and the network security assurance capabilities have been further enhanced, which strongly supports the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. The "Planning" proposes three main tasks: First, in-depth development and utilization of government big data. Deepen the sharing and application of the basic information database, and build the basic database of economic governance. The second is to develop and expand a large platform for integration and innovation. Speed ​​up network integration, upgrade and improve the national e-government network system; speed up technology integration, build an intelligent government affairs cloud platform system; speed up data integration, improve the national data sharing and open system; speed up service integration, improve the national integrated government affairs service platform system. The third is to coordinate the construction of a large system of collaborative governance. Improve the informatization level of governance ability, strengthen the informatization foundation of ruling the country according to law, optimize the informatization coordination of economic governance, improve the informatization support of market supervision, strengthen the informatization guarantee of public safety, and improve the informatization ability of environmental protection. (Source: National Development and Reform Commission website)

Interpretation: The "Planning" closely focuses on the general goal of "promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity", and makes overall arrangements for the construction of major national government informatization projects. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the construction of the national government informatization project will continue to adhere to the overall architecture design of "big platform, big data, and big system", accelerate the construction of digital government, and form intelligent perception, fine management, Scientific decision-making, digital governance capabilities and convenient service capabilities for efficient services. In terms of the development and utilization of government big data, the "Plan" clearly states that it is necessary to deepen the sharing and application of the basic information database, so that the data content of the national basic information database will be more vivid and rich, the service functions will be more complete and perfect, and more data service interfaces will be formed to effectively support On-demand sharing in application scenarios such as government services and decision analysis. It is necessary to build a basic database of economic governance, focus on key areas of economic governance, improve basic data indicators, rely on the government intranet data sharing and exchange platform, develop and construct a basic database of economic governance, collect major economic data from various departments, and improve macroeconomic governance data analysis and assistance decision level.

2. Shandong released the “14th Five-Year Plan” big data industry development plan, and Heilongjiang released the big data industry development plan (2021-2025)

Recently, Shandong Province issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Big Data Industry in Shandong Province", proposing that by 2025, the big data industry will become an important pillar industry of the digital economy in Shandong Province, and the deep integration and development of big data and the real economy will be driven by data. The "four new" economic formats continue to emerge, basically forming a data element system with a complete industrial system, sound standards and norms, strong security guarantees, and extensive integration and application. The output value of the big data industry has reached 300 billion yuan. Heilongjiang Province issued the "Heilongjiang Province Big Data Industry Development Plan (2021-2025)", proposing that by 2025, the estimated scale of the big data industry will reach 14 billion yuan, the industrial ecology will be more prosperous, and the integration and application will be more in-depth and extensive. Build an important base for the national big data center in Harbin, build a demonstration base for a new type of big data industrialization industry, and integrate into the national integrated big data center collaborative innovation system. The province's modern big data industry system is basically formed. It is an important driving force that supports economic and social transformation. (Source: People's Daily Online)

Interpretation: During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the country continued to promote the construction of a network powerhouse, accelerated the construction of a digital China, vigorously promoted the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy, and the big data industry entered a new stage of rapid development and in-depth application, showing integrated innovation and generalization. In the new trend of empowerment, the big data industry has ushered in important development opportunities. In November last year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Big Data Industry", focusing on accelerating the cultivation of the data element market, giving full play to the advantages of big data, consolidating the foundation for industrial development, building a stable and efficient industrial chain, and creating a prosperous and orderly industrial ecology. The six aspects of building a strong data security defense line put forward key tasks, setting up data governance capability improvement, key standard development and application promotion, industrial big data value enhancement, industry big data development and utilization, enterprise development energy level leap, data security shield six a special action. Promoting the development of the big data industry is not only an inevitable requirement for implementing the national development strategy, but also an inevitable choice for economic transformation and development.

  【Industry News】

1. National Energy Administration: Grid companies should provide new energy storage and other grid-connected services

On January 10, the National Energy Administration issued the "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of "Delegating Regulation and Service" in the Energy Field and Optimizing the Business Environment, requiring grid companies to do a good job in new energy, distributed energy, new energy storage, microgrids and incremental distribution. The power grid and other projects are connected to the power grid and grid interconnection services, providing necessary information for related projects to carry out the design of the access system, and clarifying the information query process and processing time limit for the development capacity of distribution transformers. Simplify the approval (recording) procedures for new energy projects. For new energy power generation projects that are connected to the distribution network and consumed on-site, power grid companies must provide grid connection services. In terms of promoting the construction of the distributed power generation market, support distributed power generation to participate in market transactions, explore the construction of trading platforms based on blockchain and other technology applications, and establish microgrids adapted to renewable energy, existing local power grids, incremental distribution networks and large power grids. Institutional mechanisms for conducting transactions. push 

Actively carry out nearby transactions of distributed power generation, implement relevant price policies, and promote distributed power generation to participate in green power transactions. (Source: National Energy Administration)

Interpretation: The "Implementation Opinions" aims to further promote the reform of "decentralization, regulation and service" in the energy field, and strive to cultivate and stimulate the vitality of market entities. In the process of promoting low-carbon energy transformation through innovation, it focuses on promoting the accelerated development of new energy, promoting the integration of multi-energy complementary and comprehensive energy services, and promoting the market-oriented transaction of distributed power generation. There are resources to build photovoltaic and other clean energy power generation projects, promote the integration of natural gas power generation and renewable energy development projects, and promote the coordinated development of fossil energy and renewable energy.

2. Virtual currency "mining" activities are included in the "elimination" industry

On January 10, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a decision on revising the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog (2019 Edition)": the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog (2019 Edition)" will eliminate the category "I. Outdated production process equipment" Item 7 is added to "(18) Others", which reads "Virtual currency 'mining' activities". It is understood that the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog" has been released since 2005. The catalog divides industries into three categories: "encouraged", "restricted" and "eliminated". Among them, the elimination category mainly refers to outdated processes, technologies, equipment and products that do not comply with relevant laws and regulations, do not have safe production conditions, seriously waste resources, pollute the environment, and need to be eliminated. (Source: China Economic Net)

Interpretation: The so-called "mining" is the process of calculating and producing virtual currency through a special computer (ie, "mining machine"). "Mining" activities consume large amounts of energy and carbon emissions, and have a low contribution to the national economy, which will not only disrupt the market, but also have limited driving effects on industrial development and technological progress. "Notice of Bitcoin Risk", requiring all financial institutions and payment institutions not to carry out Bitcoin-related business. Since last year, my country's virtual currency transactions and related mining activities have been severely cracked down and cleared from top to bottom. In September last year, 11 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Central Propaganda Department, and the Central Internet Information Office issued the "Notice on Rectifying Virtual Currency "Mining" Activities, which requires strengthening the supervision of the entire upstream and downstream industry chain of virtual currency "mining" activities. , It is strictly forbidden to add new virtual currency "mining" projects, speed up the orderly exit of existing projects, promote the optimization of industrial structure, and help achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals as scheduled. Today, "mining" is officially included in the elimination industry, which shows the attitude and determination of the regulatory authorities to crack down on virtual currency transactions from the source.

【Technology Frontier】

1. EPFL engineers develop method to read multiple qubits simultaneously

Recently, researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) have developed a technique for simultaneously reading multiple qubits (the smallest unit of quantum data). It is reported that IBM and Google currently have the most powerful quantum computers in the world. IBM has just released a machine with 127 qubits, while Google's is 53 qubits. But because of the limited number of qubits, engineers have been unable to develop higher-performance computers. The number of qubits is limited because there is currently no technology that can read all qubits quickly. A team of EPFL engineers has developed a new method that breaks a technological barrier and can efficiently read nine qubits simultaneously, meaning more qubits can fit into a quantum computer. The discovery was recently published in the journal Nature Electronics. This research paves the way for a new generation of more powerful quantum computers. (Source: Science and Technology Daily)

Interpretation: Quantum computers work differently than traditional computers. The former does not have separate processors and memory chips, but consists of qubits. Relying on the properties of quantum superposition and entanglement, quantum computers can perform complex calculations, which can be applied to fields such as biochemistry and cryptography. Qubits operate at temperatures close to absolute zero, making them extremely difficult to read and control at room temperature. EPFL incorporates nanometer-sized semiconductor particles called quantum dots into transistors to simulate qubits and conduct experiments under conditions almost equivalent to quantum computers. The new method is feasible on the integrated circuits of ordinary computer chips and at temperatures close to qubits, and may in the future lead to the integration of large qubit matrix systems with the necessary electrons.